Inter-model (preferred term)

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Definition

Replica in wax obtained from the reusable mold of an original model. Inter-models are used in indirect lost-wax casting. Inter-models are often slush-molded (Fig.785 and Case study 7). One inter-model may vary from another through additions or changes made in the wax before the investment is applied.

Note: The term has been disputed among the CAST:ING members. Depending on discipline and expertise, some initially preferred “wax working model”, “wax intermediary model”, or simply “wax”. The current term was finally agreed upon. An inter-model is a type of ‘casting model’ or ‘foundry wax’. However, the latter two refer to any wax model that is destroyed during casting, including those used in the direct as well as the indirect lost wax casting processes.

Homographs

Synonyms

范制蜡型

Related Terms

Casting model

To Be Distinguished From

Sources

Cultural Heritage Publications

Motture, P. (2019) The culture of bronze: making and meaning in Renaissance sculpture. London: V&A Publishing.
Dillon, J. (2002) ‘Technical reports’, in Avery, V. (ed.) Renaissance and Baroque Bronzes from the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge. London, pp. 276–288.
Beentjes, T. P. C. (2019) Casting Rodin’s Thinker - Sand mould casting, the case of the Laren Thinker and conservation treatment innovation. Universiteit van Amsterdam. Available at: https://dare.uva.nl/search?identifier=69db04ce-74ba-4e9c-95e1-a05f69e9d694.

Category

objects

Getty AAT


Translations

German Wachsmodell

Cultural Heritage Publications

Alscher, L. (ed.) (1987) Lexikon der Kunst: Architektur, Bildende Kunst, Angewandte Kunst, Industrieformgestaltung, Kunsttheorie. Leipzig, Germany: E. A. Seemann., (p. 554)

Art and Craft Textbooks

Mietzsch, A. (2009) Bronzeguss - Handwerk für die Kunst. Berlin: Zentralverlag., (p. 6)
English inter-model

Cultural Heritage Publications

Motture, P. (2019) The culture of bronze: making and meaning in Renaissance sculpture. London: V&A Publishing.
Dillon, J. (2002) ‘Technical reports’, in Avery, V. (ed.) Renaissance and Baroque Bronzes from the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge. London, pp. 276–288.
Beentjes, T. P. C. (2019) Casting Rodin’s Thinker - Sand mould casting, the case of the Laren Thinker and conservation treatment innovation. Universiteit van Amsterdam. Available at: https://dare.uva.nl/search?identifier=69db04ce-74ba-4e9c-95e1-a05f69e9d694.
English intermediary model
Spanish modelo intermedio
French modèle intermédiaire

Cultural Heritage Publications

Lamouche, E. (2021) Les Fondeurs de bronze dans la Rome des papes (1585-1630). Editions de l’Ecole Française de Rome. Rome.
French cire

Cultural Heritage Publications

Bresc-Bautier, G. (1989) ‘Problèmes du bronze français, fondeurs et sculpteurs à Paris (1600-1660)’, Archives de l’Art Français, 30, pp. 11–50.
French épreuve en cire

Cultural Heritage Publications

Baudry, M. T., Bozo, D. and Inventaire général des monuments et des richesses artistiques de la, F. (1978) La Sculpture: Méthode et vocabulaire. Paris: Impr. nationale (Principes d’analyse scientifique)., (p254)
Bewer, F. G., Bourgarit, D. and Bassett, J. (2008) ‘Les bronzes français (XVIe-XVIIIe siècle) : notes techniques’, in Bronzes français de la Renaissance au Siècle des lumières. Musée du Louvre-Somogy. Paris: Bresc G. & Scherf G., pp. 28–41.
Azéma, A. and Mille, B. (2013b) ‘Un point sur la technique de fabrication des grands bronzes antiques’, L’actualité chimique, 377, pp. 43–44.
Bourgarit, D., Bewer, F. and Bresc-Bautier, G. (2014) ‘Francesco Bordoni : spécificités techniques chez un sculpteur-fondeur du 17e siècle’, in Bourgarit, D. et al. (eds) French Bronze Sculpture: Materials and Techniques 16th - 18th Century. Paris: Archetype, pp. 1–17.

Art and Craft Textbooks

Lambert, D. (2002) Moulage et fonderie d’art : Du modèle au bronze final. Dourdan: Vial., (p214)
French intermodèle

Cultural Heritage Publications

Lamouche, E. (2021) Les Fondeurs de bronze dans la Rome des papes (1585-1630). Editions de l’Ecole Française de Rome. Rome.
French modèle auxiliaire

Cultural Heritage Publications

Mille, B. (2007) ‘Etude technique du cheval de bronze de Neuvy-en-Sullias’, in Gorget, C. and Guillaumet, J. P. (eds) Le cheval et la danseuse, à la redécouverte du trésor de Neuvy-en-Sullias, catalogue de l’exposition présentée au musée des Beaux-Arts d’Orléans du 13 mars au 26 août 2007. Paris: Somogy, pp. 88–99 et 264–265.
French modèle de cire

Cultural Heritage Publications

Rolley, C. (1994) ‘La sculpture grecque, tome 1, des origines au milieu du Ve siècle.ID - 1557ID  - 188’, Manuels d’art et d’archéologie antiques, Picard.
Bresc-Bautier, G. (1989) ‘Problèmes du bronze français, fondeurs et sculpteurs à Paris (1600-1660)’, Archives de l’Art Français, 30, pp. 11–50.
Italian modello intermedio

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